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| Redefining the Globalisation Debate |
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The globalisation debate therefore transcends national borders – it is a revolutionary debate about how the world is run and how the people’s political will can be voiced and represented in a globalised world. This issue perhaps, presents one of the greatest challenges to western political philosophy since the reformation and renaissance because the world is in need of a political philosophy that encapsulates the new dynamics humanity has and will face in the 21st century. Indeed western thinkers are not only confronted with the philosophical issues but also the practicalities of ensuring that democratic systems can work in a global context. Matthew Horsman and Andrew Marshall wrote about the “urgent need to find new means of collective representation,” and Will Hutton said, “In an era of globalisation all nation states need to cooperate and collaborate if they want to represent their citizens interests.”
Therefore one of the critical questions thinkers across the world need to ask is whether capitalism or socialism can transcend modern paradigms that shaped the period of industrialisation to meet the post-modern challenges of the information age and a globalised world. Since it is this shift from national and regional specific problems to global problems that distinguishes this period from any other. The Renaissance was born out of problems specific to the European experience as western thinkers challenged the authority of monarchical rule and the intellectual validity of Christianity, while Marxism-socialism emerged from the social problems of capitalism, which were specific to the newly industrialised powers. These were epoch making periods in history and the advent of globalisation means another epochal social change which is in the early stage of political evolution i.e. political debate and change is no longer national or regional specific.
In the era of globalisation the problems facing one state are more often than not faced by every nation because capitalism is the defining force of politico-socio-economic organisation in the world today, and as a result problems in the world are interrelated. This is evidenced not only by the fact that there are problems which are unique to capitalist societies and are therefore experienced by every nation on earth but also by the international organisations which dictate economic policy nationally, regionally and globally. The IMF, World Bank and the UN are the principal institutional agents for global integration while social problems such as poverty are universal for all nations because free market doctrine governs the world economy.
This means that human experiences of capitalism are shared globally and therefore the debates that face one nation will also be faced by every nation because all of us live under this system of life. The characteristics of the debates may differ nation to nation but in origin they all emanate from the same ideological root. And it is this aspect which can potentially lead to a global debate and revolution which will be unlike any other period in human history.
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